How to use casing in borehole for pile foundation

This construction briefly explains how to apply casing in bore hole for pile foundation. Here Length of Casing points to 5m and usefully it is maintained among 5 to 10m. In order to set exact position of casing, it is most suitably to assign 2 point from the reference of center point of casing and get the equivalent distance of both the points from that reference point. When the casting will be put into bore hole, the distance will be calculated from both points to casting for maintaining the perfectness.

Bad behavior and unsafe condition place

Bad behavior and unsafe condition place

Useful of slump test on concrete

Purpose of Test:
Slump test is initiated to evaluate the conformity of concrete mix. Generally it is undertaken to verify either the adaptability of concrete mix is up to the standard or not.

Tools Utilized:

Slab analysis using hand methods

For 1.00 m wide slab strip:
Self-weight: go=0.15m×1.00m×25.00 kN/m3= 3.75 kN/m, Covering load: ge=1.00 kN/m (given),

Usefulness of construction formulas and equations for building projects

The formulas & equations are essential for construction professionals to work out the quantities as well as cost & subtotals of building material. These formulas can be used in a wide array of construction projects and design applications which range from reinforced concrete, bridge construction, highway design etc.

Characteristic strength of concrete.

The classification of concrete grades is based on their compressive strength. Each concrete grade e.g. C30/37 is characterized by two equivalent strengths, which in this specific example are 30 MPa and 37 MPa. The first is

Simply supported staircase continued by slabs

Due to the continuation of the staircase by slabs at its base and top, bending moment is formed in the supports (upper fibers) and therefore, rebars are required both at their upper fibers.

Reinforcement rules

Rules for the detailing of slab rebars

These rules apply to both one-way and two-way slabs, with usual lengths and commonly applied loads and only when the reinforcement detailing is not provided by another more accurate way. In one-way slabs, the length l is equal to the distance between the two edges upon which the slabs are supported.

Stairs of reinforced concrete prefabricated

Finite element method

Equivalent uniform reaction forces are determined in exactly the same way as in Marcus method.
Summarizing,
Marcus method gives:

Heathrow airport, structural joints

Sheet metal construction building

Shear forces envelopes

The most unfavourable shear forces are equal to: